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Victorian Entertainment

"We are not amused", said Queen Victoria - or so we're told. Her subjects, though, were eager for all manner of entertainments. The first films made their homes in the fairground and the music hall, and the first filmmakers - several of them originally showmen or magic lanternists - were more than happy to supply the laughs, drama and thrills that audiences demanded.

Comic skits, sight gags, dramatic scenes and the like were hugely popular. Non-fiction subjects outnumbered entertainments, but it was the second that inspired early filmmakers to many of their greatest innovations, from 'facials' (the first close-ups) to 'tricks', the prototype for modern special effects.

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The Beggar's Deceit The Beggar's Deceit

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A copper pursues a cheeky beggar who can't possibly escape justice - or can he?

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Spiders on a Web Spiders on a Web

1900 0 mins Silent

Dare you watch this footage of larger-than-life spiders - one of the earliest nature films of its type?

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Come Along, Do! Come Along, Do!

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

A museum visitor takes an interest in a nude sculpture - to his wife's annoyance - in a sadly incomplete early film comedy

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Railway Collision Railway Collision

Drama 1900 1 mins Silent

An impressive early film special effect

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Comic Faces - Old Man Drinking a Glass of Beer Comic Faces - Old Man Drinking a Glass of Beer

Comedy 1897 1 mins Silent

How many faces can one man pull while drinking one glass of beer? Far more than you might think

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How It Feels to Be Run Over How It Feels to Be Run Over

Trick film 1900 1 mins Silent

A terrifying first-person brush with death at the hands of a dangerous driver

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The Magic Extinguisher The Magic Extinguisher

Trick film 1901 2 mins Silent

You'll never guess quite what this chap can hide under his cone...

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A Quick Shave and Brush-up A Quick Shave and Brush-up

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A Victorian gentleman's quaint morning routine - complete with cut-throat razor, scent and powder

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Catching the Milk Thief Catching the Milk Thief

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

A tramp helps himself to a farmer's milk in this knockabout Victorian comedy

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Clown and Police Clown and Police

Trick film 1900 2 mins Silent

A Victorian vaudeville routine is given the big screen treatment with camera tricks galore.

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A Photograph Taken from Our Area Window A Photograph Taken from Our Area Window

Comedy 1901 1 mins Silent

Street-level storytelling with a saucy twist in this voyeuristic Victorian comedy

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Children in the Nursery Children in the Nursery

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

Seen but not heard? Three children get up to mischief after mother puts them to bed in this Victorian entertainment.

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Artistic Creation Artistic Creation

Trick film 1901 2 mins Silent

This burlesque film fantasy has striking sexual overtones - and a surprising feminist twist

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Footpads Footpads

Crime 1896 1 mins Silent

A simple special effect enlivens an early crime film

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The Child, Dog and Pram The Child, Dog and Pram

Non-Fiction 1900 1 mins Silent

This Victorian girl is engrossed in her games, and no wonder, with a dog, two cats and a doll to play with

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Grandma's Reading Glass Grandma's Reading Glass

Trick film 1900 1 mins Silent

A boy examines things through his Grandmother’s magnifying glass, and early film takes a huge step forward.

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Answering a Call Answering a Call

Non-Fiction 1901 1 mins Silent

Fire! These early 20th-century firemen ride to the rescue on horse-drawn engines, bicycles and even a tandem

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Explosion of a Motor Car Explosion of a Motor Car

Comedy 1900 2 mins Silent

A hapless copper is left to pick up the pieces after a gruesome collision of early trick cinema and cartoonish comedy

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Herbert Campbell As Little Bobby Herbert Campbell As Little Bobby

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

A not-so-little variety star shows off his appetite

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Lady and the Boat Lady and the Boat

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

It's not easy for a Victorian lady to maintain her dignity on the water - and this clown certainly doesn't help

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Hanging out the Clothes; Or, Master, Mistress and Maid Hanging out the Clothes; Or, Master, Mistress and Maid

Comedy 1897 2 mins Silent

A philandering husband gets hung out to dry on laundry day

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Lady and Puppies Lady and Puppies

Interest film 1901 1 mins Silent

Four wriggling puppies make for more than an armful - as a young woman discovers in this charming short film

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Man in Bedroom Man in Bedroom

Trick film 1901 2 mins Silent

A Victorian gentleman undresses for bed. Rest assured that this film contains absolutely no nudity!

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Miss Bayley Miss Bayley

Non-Fiction 1900 0 mins Silent

Backstage at a music hall, an actress prepares for her performance.

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Grandma Threading Her Needle Grandma Threading Her Needle

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Granny's eyesight may be failing, but she won't rest until she has threaded her needle, and given us a giggle too

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Robbery Robbery

Crime 1897 1 mins Silent

A Victorian gentleman is robbed at gunpoint, not just for his wallet but for his hat and suit as well. Oh, the humiliation

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Scandal over the Teacups Scandal over the Teacups

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Well, did you ever? Two women share juicy stories, and enjoyably shocked reactions, over tea

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Soda Syphon Joke Soda Syphon Joke

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Ooh la la! This chap becomes a little too engrossed in his French magazine, and ends up taking a cold shower

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The Bathers The Bathers

Comedy 1900 2 mins Silent

A simple special effect gives an eerily comic twist to this film of Victorian gentleman taking some outdoor exercise

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Winning the V.C. Winning the V.C.

War 1900 1 mins Silent

A Boer War skirmish… filmed in Blackburn

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Stop Thief! Stop Thief!

Comedy 1901 2 mins Silent

After him! A tramp stealing meat kicks off one of the very first film chases

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The Biter Bit The Biter Bit

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

Film's first joke? A fresh take on an old prank.

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The Burning Stable The Burning Stable

Drama 1900 2 mins Silent

All hands to the pump as firemen and passersby tackle a fire and save the horses from a stable smothered in smoke

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As Seen through a Telescope As Seen through a Telescope

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A peeping Tom gets a shocking glimpse of stocking in this early take on film voyeurism.

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Man by Bed Man by Bed

Trick film 1901 1 mins Silent

When the bed itself is tossing and turning, how is a man supposed to get his rest?

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Two Old Sports Two Old Sports

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A conversation between two gents perks up when they see a picture of a beautiful actress in a magazine

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The Haunted Curiosity Shop The Haunted Curiosity Shop

Fantasy 1901 2 mins

The strange objects in this shop are brought uncannily to life thanks to a series of early camera tricks

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The House That Jack Built The House That Jack Built

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

All's well that ends well - which is exactly what happens when movie magic undoes a boy's wanton vandalism

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The Kissing Couple The Kissing Couple

Drama 1899 1 mins Silent

This sequence of increasingly enthusiastic smooches was hot stuff in 1899

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Three Linotype Machines Three Linotype Machines

Advert 1900 1 mins

Early advertising film demonstrating the machinery which revolutionised the printing industry

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Tommy Atkins in the Park Tommy Atkins in the Park

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

A soldier takes boisterous revenge when an unwelcome stranger interrupts his romantic moment

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Mister Moon Mister Moon

Trick film 1901 1 mins Silent

Musical comedian Percy Honri is a ukulele-playing man-in-the-moon in this early skit

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Lover Kisses Husband Lover Kisses Husband

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A husband catches his wife with another man and takes his revenge

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Cheese Mites Cheese Mites

Interest film 1903 2 mins Silent

What’s in your cheese? The microscopic mites here are unpleasant today but caused a sensation in 1903, in one of the Britain’s earliest exhibited scientific films.

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Are You There? Are You There?

Comedy 1901 1 mins Silent

Innovative early film, which invents its own 'split-screen' effect

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Shelling the Red Cross Shelling the Red Cross

War 1900 1 mins Silent

A dramatised Boer War scene

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Policeman in Schoolroom Policeman in Schoolroom

Comedy 1901 1 mins Silent

A pantomime kitchen scene

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The Bill Poster The Bill Poster

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

An early film in-joke

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The Death of Poor Joe The Death of Poor Joe

Drama 1900 1 mins Silent

A scene from Bleak House is the first ever screen adaptation of Charles Dickens

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The Dull Razor The Dull Razor

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Close-up of a close - and painful - shave

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The Bride's First Night The Bride's First Night

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

Saucy comedy about a bride modestly disrobing whilst the husband peeks from behind a screen

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The Puzzled Bather and His Animated Clothes The Puzzled Bather and His Animated Clothes

Trick film 1901 1 mins Silent

An entertaining early film 'trick'

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Deonzo Brothers Deonzo Brothers

Performance 1901 1 mins Silent

The fabulous Deonzo Brothers in a spectacular barrel-jumping stage act

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The Dispatch Bearer The Dispatch Bearer

War 1900 1 mins Silent

Mitchell & Kenyon enter the action genre, reimagining a Boer War skirmish - with Blackburn standing in for South Africa.

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Two A.M.; Or, The Husband's Return Two A.M.; Or, The Husband's Return

Comedy 1896 1 mins Silent

A drunken spouse gets his just desserts in a timeless scene

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The Lassie and Her Dog The Lassie and Her Dog

Comedy 1901 3 mins Silent

A pet dog submits to his mistress’s beautifying ministrations

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Two Laughing Men Two Laughing Men

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Two men lose it laughing at something in a magazine

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Will Evans, The Musical Eccentric Will Evans, The Musical Eccentric

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

Music hall chairs: impressive acrobatics in a Victorian music hall act

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Two Wrestlers Two Wrestlers

Sport 1900 1 mins

An early demonstration of Greco-Roman wrestling for the benefit of the camera

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Attack on a China Mission - Bluejackets to the Rescue Attack on a China Mission - Bluejackets to the Rescue

War 1900 1 mins Silent Location: Brighton

Fictional treatment of a contemporary atrocity story from the 1900 Boxer rebellion in China.

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Weary Willie Weary Willie

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent Location: West Yorkshire

Comic hijinks with a malodorous tramp

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The Artist's Model The Artist's Model

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

A mischievous model turns on the artist

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Woman, Dog and Pups Woman, Dog and Pups

Interest film 1901 1 mins Silent

Beautifully-preserved early film of a young girl feeding some excitable puppies

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Afternoon Tea al Fresco Afternoon Tea al Fresco

1900 1 mins Silent

An overeager guest disrupts teatime in this enigmatic slice of Victorian drama.

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The Magic Sword A Mediaeval Mystery The Magic Sword A Mediaeval Mystery

Fairy tale 1901 3 mins Silent

This innovative 'trick' film is a fantastical children's pantomime in miniature

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Arrest of Goudie (1901) Arrest of Goudie (1901)

Crime 1901 6 mins Silent Location: Berry St, Liverpool

Crimewatch Mitchell and Kenyon style, in the first ever film to recreate a true crime.

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Beheading a Chinese Boxer Beheading a Chinese Boxer

War 1900 1 mins Silent

A grisly early fictional reconstruction inspired by atrocity stories from China's Boxer Rebellion.

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Aunt Selina - Takes Snuff, Sews and Plays with Her Cats Aunt Selina - Takes Snuff, Sews and Plays with Her Cats

Comedy 1900 1 mins

This ‘facial’ comedy showcases the rubber face of Tom Green.

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Attack on a Mission Station Attack on a Mission Station

War 1900 1 mins Silent Location: Blackburn

Dramatised account of Chinese rebels' violent confrontation with Christian missionaries, made in the wake of the Boxer Rebellion.

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Countryman and the Cinematograph Countryman and the Cinematograph

Comedy 1901 0 mins Silent

A country yokel gets a shock in an early example of a 'film within a film'.

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Collapsing Bed Scene Collapsing Bed Scene

Comedy 1897 0 mins Silent

A mysterious fragment of Victorian footage.

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Fire! Fire!

Drama 1901 5 mins Silent

A dramatic rescue from a burning building by heroic firemen is one of our most important films

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E. H. Williams' Merrie Men E. H. Williams' Merrie Men

Performance 1899 3 mins Silent

Fascinating fragments of a typical Victorian seaside entertainment

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His Brave Defender His Brave Defender

Crime 1901 1 mins Silent

When a couple's home is burgled, the missus proves her mettle by confronting the culprit, come what may

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Gentleman Fishing Gentleman Fishing

Comedy 1896 1 mins Silent

A splash of Victorian comedy that still reels you in

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Has He Hit Me? Has He Hit Me?

Comedy 1898 1 mins Silent

The 'Two McNaughtons' roll out their popular music-hall routine

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Kitty Mahone Kitty Mahone

Performance 1900 2 mins

Victorian Music hall star Lil Hawthorne sings the popular 'Kitty Mahone' in this earliest surviving 'sound film'

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The Indian Chief and the Seidlitz Powder The Indian Chief and the Seidlitz Powder

Comedy 1901 2 mins Silent

A witty warning that medicine is not to be messed with: mix the wrong dose of powders and your bellyache may blow up

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Kidnapping by Indians (1899) Kidnapping by Indians (1899)

Drama 1899 2 mins Silent Location: Blackburn

Out-takes of the world's earliest ever 'Western' film.

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The Kiss in the Tunnel The Kiss in the Tunnel

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

A classic saucy sketch, a chance for canoodling in the carriage as the train hits a tunnel

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Long Night Dance Long Night Dance

Drama 1900 2 mins Silent

There's more than footwork going on in this dance lesson

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The Miller and the Sweep The Miller and the Sweep

Comedy 1897 1 mins Silent

A battle of soot versus flour

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Policeman Beaten Policeman Beaten

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A woman beating out a carpet; a frisky policeman; a husband’s return… whatever will happen next?

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Morning Wash (c.1900) Morning Wash (c.1900)

Comedy 1900 2 mins Silent

An old joke but a merry one.

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Old Maid's Valentine Old Maid's Valentine

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Early comedy in which a cruel joke is played on an old maid

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Policeman and Burglar Policeman and Burglar

Crime 1902 1 mins Silent

A bracing fight scene, played out in an early purpose-built film studio.

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The Postman and the Nursemaid The Postman and the Nursemaid

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

A comic old faithful

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The Tramp and the Baby's Bottle The Tramp and the Baby's Bottle

Comedy 1899 2 mins Silent

It's a lovely day in the park, for romance and daylight robbery - but will this tramp make a clean getaway?

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The Twins' Tea Party The Twins' Tea Party

Comedy 1896 1 mins Silent

These two little lovelies were captured on screen by RW Paul and were the hit of his 1896 Alhambra show.

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Snowballs (1901) Snowballs (1901)

Comedy 1901 2 mins Silent Location: Glasgow

Young scamps launch a snowball attack on a hapless bobby.

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Sporting Colliers and the Bobby (c.1901) Sporting Colliers and the Bobby (c.1901)

Comedy 1901 2 mins Silent

A policeman breaks up a gambling den, but is caught pocketing the proceeds.

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Mr Moon (1901) Mr Moon (1901)

Advert 1901 3 mins Silent

Rare production footage of an early 'trick' film with a famous music hall performer.

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Unfaithful Wife (c.1900) Unfaithful Wife (c.1900)

Drama 1900 1 mins Silent

A faithless wife, with a penchant for men in uniform, entertains a sailor before her policeman husband comes home.

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Waif and the Wizard; or, The Home Made Happy Waif and the Wizard; or, The Home Made Happy

Trick film 1901 2 mins Silent

A boy asks a magician to entertain his sick sister in this edition of RW Paul’s Sentimental Songs with Animated Illustrations.

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A Woman Undressing A Woman Undressing

Pornography 1896 1 mins Silent

A treat for Victorian voyeurs - and Britain's oldest erotic film?

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The Would-be Conjuror The Would-be Conjuror

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

A yokel is so impressed by a conjuror's magic trick that he attempts to repeat it on his wife

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Comic Costume Race Comic Costume Race

Non-Fiction 1896 1 mins Silent

Plenty of laughs to be had as these Victorian clowns attempt to run a charity race - if they can get their wigs on

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Let Me Dream Again Let Me Dream Again

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

Harsh reality interrupts an older man's reverie of flirting with a pretty young woman

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The Spirit of His Forefathers The Spirit of His Forefathers

Advert 1900 1 mins Silent

One of the earliest surviving British adverts

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King John King John

Drama 1899 1 mins Silent

The first ever Shakespearean film - once thought to be lost - with Herbert Beerbohm Tree in the title role.

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Scrooge; Or, Marley's Ghost Scrooge; Or, Marley's Ghost

Fantasy 1901 6 mins Silent

Debut film outing for Dickens' Yuletide classic

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The Big Swallow The Big Swallow

Comedy 1901 1 mins Silent

A classic early film gag - and a big leap forward for a fast-evolving new art

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First X-ray Cinematograph Film Ever Taken First X-ray Cinematograph Film Ever Taken

0 mins

Frogs legs on film: trailblazing Victorian medical research

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A Morning Wash A Morning Wash

Comedy 1900 1 mins Silent

What larks during the morning wash, swapping bootblack for the soap...

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Santa Claus Santa Claus

Fantasy 1898 1 mins Silent

These Victorian children's Christmas wishes come true in a very special early British film

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Upside Down; Or, The Human Flies Upside Down; Or, The Human Flies

Comedy 1899 1 mins Silent

A memorable early film 'trick'

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How We Filmed in the Nineties How We Filmed in the Nineties

Amateur film 1936 24 mins Silent

A whistlestop tour of early filmmaking, from street scenes to a thrilling Western.

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Once upon a Time... Once upon a Time...

Non-Fiction 1897 2 mins Silent

Double nostalgia, as this 1930 newsreel looks back at a London landmark in earlier days

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Nurses Attending the Wounded Nurses Attending the Wounded

War 1899 1 mins Silent

Brits versus Boers... or are they?

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Tom Merry, Lightning Cartoonist, Sketching Kaiser Wilhelm II Tom Merry, Lightning Cartoonist, Sketching Kaiser Wilhelm II

Trick film 1895 0 mins Silent

Quick on the draw: Victorian cartoonist Tom Merry does a rapid sketch of Kaiser Wilhelm II

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X Rays X Rays

Comedy 1897 1 mins Silent

I've got you under my skin... early 'trick' film having fun with the new science of x-ray photography

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Good Night Good Night

Advert 1898 1 mins Silent Location: St Pancras

An unusual farewell in this charming early film